Birnbaum

Przemyśl
Перемишль
Premslau
Přemyšl
Praemislia
Peremyshl
Premishla
Premisle
Prezhemisel
Pshemishel
Pshemishl
Pshemys

Przemyśl is the second oldest city in southern Poland, after Kraków.
It appears to have been founded as early as the 8th century.
It was an important trade center connecting the East with the West (Lwow and Cracow) and the North and South (Baltic Coast and Hungary).

On June 20, 1942 the first group of 1,000 Jews was transported from the Przemyśl area to the concentration camp at Janów.
On July 15, 1942, a ghetto was created for all Jewish inhabitants of Przemyśl and its vicinity - some 22,000 people altogether. Jewish communal buildings, including the Tempel Synagogue and the Old Synagogue were destroyed, while the New Synagogue, Zasanie Synagogue and all business and personal real estate belonging to Jews were confiscated.
On July 14, 1942, the Germans sealed the Ghetto in Przemyśl, with local Jews being given 24 hours to enter the Ghetto.
By the time the sealing took place, on the following day, up to 24,000 Jews occupied the Ghetto.
On July 27, 1942, the Gestapo notified the Judenrat and posted notices that an "Aktion" (forced resettlement) would soon be taking place, and that it would include almost all occupants. Exceptions were made for some essential, and Gestapo workers who would have their papers stamped accordingly.
Until September 1943 almost all Jews were sent to Auschwitz and Belzec extermination camp.
The local branches of the Polish underground and the Żegota managed to save 415 Jews.
According to a postwar investigation in German archives, 568 Poles were executed by the Germans for helping the Jews in the area of Przemyśl.