Haapalah / Aliyah Bet

The first camp at Auschwitz was built shortly after Poland's defeat, in the Zasole suburb of Oswiecim, and held about 10,000 prisoners.
In March, 1941, the second site, Auschwitz II, or Birkenau, was built 3 kilometers from the first camp.
in May 1942, operations were begun at the work camp called Auschwitz III-Monowitz, named after the Polish village of Monowice, or the Buna, associated with the synthetic rubber and liquid fuel plant Buna-Werke owned by IG Farben.
There were 45 smaller satellite camps, called Aussenlager (external camp), Nebenlager (extension or subcamp), and Arbeitslager (labor camp).with prisoner populations ranging from several dozen to several thousand.
The largest satellite campswere built at Trzebinia, Blechhammer and Althammer.
Women's subcamps were constructed at Budy, Pławy, Zabrze, Gleiwitz I, II, III, Rajsko, and Lichtenwerden (now Světlá).

On August 12, 1942. all the Jews of Zagłębie Dąbrowskie were gathered together and after a selection process, 12,500 were deemed unfit for work and were sent to Aushwitz for immediate extermination, while the rest of the Jews were sent to slave labor camps.

In August, 1942, while parents and adolescents were separated from younger children at Pithiviers and Beaune-la-Rolande, for transport to Auschwitz, French police in the unoccupied zone prepared to deliver 10,000 foreign Jews to the Nazis.
All Jews, from specified countries, who had entered France after January 1, 1936, were to be rounded up and and transported to the occupied zone before September 15, 1942.

In December, 1942, Norbert Wollheim's parents were rounded-up for deportation, even though his father had been decorated with the Iron Cross for military service in World War I, and both were sent to the gas chambers upon their arrival at Auschwitz Konzentrationslager,.

In March, 1943, in the last major deportation action in Berlin, Norbert Wollheim and his family were arrested and taken to the Grosse Hamburger Strasse assembly center.
On March 11, 1943, they were deported to Auschwitz Konzentrationslager, in a transport of over 1,000 Jews, only six of whom survived the war.

In 1942, Jews were deported from Sosnowiec to Auschwitz in three groups:
On May 10–12: 1,500
In June: 2,000
On August 12–18: over 8,000
After the deportations, the Germans established a ghetto in the suburb of Srodula.
On March 10, 1943, the Sosnowiec Ghetto was sealed off.
In June, 1943, thousands of Jews were transported from Sosnowiec Ghetto to Auschwitz.
On August 16, 1943, the inhabitants of the Sosnowiec Ghetto, almost 15,000, with the exception of about 1,000 people, were deported to Auschwitz where they perished.
In December, 1943, and January, 1944, the last 1,000 Jews in Sosnowiec were murdered.

On August 1, 1943, the final liquidation of the Będzin ghetto was launched, most of the Jews in Będzin were deported to nearby Auschwitz.

In October, 1943, the SS and German police transported 1,800 prisoners in the Sonderlager, who were told they were being sen, temporarily, to a transit camp called Bergau, from where they would continue on to Switzerland in exchanged for German POWs. to Auschwitz to be killed.
On October 23, 1943, at Auschwitz, the Jews were told that they were to be disinfected before crossing the Swiss border.
In February, 1944, SS and German police transported a further 200 prisoners, and in May, 1944, they transported another 147 prisoners, to Auschwitz.

From 1944, more than 20,000 Jews from Sighet were transported to Auschwitz, including Elie Wiesel, and other Nazi extermination camps.

On April 7, 1944, Rudolf Vrba and Alfred Wetzler escaped on April 7, 1944, and gave the detailed Vrba-Wetzler Report, finally convinced Allied leaders of the truth about Auschwitz.
On June 15, 1944, the BBC broadcast details from the Vrba-Wetzler Report, and on June 20, The New York Times published portions of the report, causing the Allies to pressure the Hungarian government to stop the mass deportation of Jews to Auschwitz.

In May, 1944, the pleas of Slovakian rabbi Weissmandl started a campaign to persuade the Allies to bomb Auschwitz, or the railway lines leading to it.
Winston Churchill was told that bombing Auschwitz would kill prisoners without disrupting the killing operation, and bombing the railway lines was not technically feasible.

Zahava Szász Stessel cites: "On the last day of August 1944, the first group of Hungarian Jewish women, most in their twenties, arrived from Auschwitz." at Markkleeburg.

Zahava Szász Stessel cites: "With the second transport in October 15, 1944, there were only 200 Hungarian Jewish women," who arrived at Markkleeburg.

On May 5, 1945 Soviet troops liberated Auschwitz Extermination and Concentration Camp.
A History of Jews in Hamburg cites Allied Troops liberating Auschwitz on January 27, 1945,
The Nazis had already forced the majority of Auschwitz prisoners on death marches westward, leaving about 7,000 inmates among which were 180 children, subjects of Nazi medical experiments.
Zofia K, Polish prisoner (#37543) who provided personal eye-witness descriptions, cited: the women being transferred to Ravensbrück.
The Soviets discovered abundant evidence of mass murder in Auschwitz, including hundreds of thousands of men’s suits, more than 800,000 women’s outfits and more than 7 tons of human hair.

Auschwitz Konzentrationslager, Auschwitz II-Birkenau, is the site of the largest mass murder in human history.
Laurence Rees cited from more than 100 original interviews with Auschwitz survivors and Nazi perpetrators who spoke on the record for the first time, their testimonies provided a portrait of the inner workings of the camp in unrivalled detail—from the techniques of mass murder, to the politics and gossip mill that turned between guards and prisoners, to the on-camp brothel in which the lines between those guards and prisoners became surprisingly blurred. R
Laurence Rees wrote about the strategic decisions that led the Nazi leadership to prescribe Auschwitz as its primary site for the extinction of Europe's Jews—their "Final Solution."
He concluded that many of the horrors that were perpetrated in Auschwitz were driven not simply by ideological inevitability, but as a "practical" response to a war in the East that had begun to go wrong for Germany.
A terrible immoral pragmatism characterized many of the decisions that determined what happened at Auschwitz.
The story of the camp is a morality tale, in which evil is shown to proceed in a series of deft, almost noiseless incremental steps until it produces the overwhelming horror of the industrial scale slaughter that was inflicted in the gas chambers of Auschwitz.

In January, 1945, tens of thousands of prisoners in Auschwitz concentration camp were forced marched to Bergen-Belsen, for nearly two weeks in harsh weather, and many of them died on the way.
Miriam Weinfeld and her sister, Rela-Lusia, survived, but theri mother, Bronia, could not take it any longer and died a few days before the camp was liberated by the British Army, on April 15, 1945.