Karlsruhe, regierungsbezirk Karlsruhe, Baden-Württemberg, Deutschland
| Latitude | 49°1′0″N |
| Longitude | 8°24′0″E |
| City | Karlsruhe |
| County | regierungsbezirk Karlsruhe |
| State/ Province | Baden-Württemberg |
| Country | Deutschland |
Narrative
Karlsruhe
Carlsruhe
Karlsruhe translates as Charles’ Repose.
The city was given the name after Margrave Charles III William, Margrave of Baden-Durlach, woke from a dream, while on a hunting trip, in which he dreamt of founding his new city.
Narrative
On June 17, 1715, Charles William founded Karlsruhe, after a dispute with the citizens of his previous capital, Durlach.
Official documents cite the presence of several Jewish families at Karlsruhe, in 171,. attracted by the privileges granted by founder to settlers, without discrimination as to creed.
A 1752 Jewry ordinance stated Jews were forbidden to leave the city on Sundays and Christian holidays, or to go out of their houses during church services, but they were exempted from service by court summonses on Sabbaths.
Jews were allowed to sell wine only in inns owned by Jews, and Jews were allowed to graze their cattle, not on the commons, but on the wayside only.
In 1783, by a decree issued by Margrave Charles Frederick of Baden, Jews ceased to be serfs, and consequently could settle wherever they pleased; The same decree freed Jews from the Todfall tax, paid to the clergy for each Jewish burial.
Narrative
In 1862, complete emancipation was given to the Jews of Karlesruhe,
Jews were elected to city council and Baden parliament, and in 1890 were appointed judges.
In riots in 1819 and anti-Jewish demonstrations in 1843, 1848, and the 1880s, Jews were persecuted in Karlesruhe.
Narrative
On October 28, 1938, all male Polish Jews living in Karlsruhe were deported to Poland.
On Kristallnacht, November 9-10, 1938 Synagogues in Karlesruhe were destroyed, and most of the men were arrested and sent to Dachau concentration camp; many were released after they had furnished proof that they intended to emigrate.
Narrative
In October 1940, during Operation Wagner-Bürckel, 895 Jews were expelled from Karlesruhe, and interned by the French Vichy authorities in Gurs.
Between August and November, 1942,.most of them were then deported from Gurs to Auschwitz, via the Drancy deportation camp.
Narrative
Between 1941 and 1944, most of the 429 Jews remaining in Karlesruhe, and other so-called non-Aryans, were transported to the east.