Haapalah / Aliyah Bet

Founded in 1913, in Galicia Galicja Галичина, haShomer haTzair השומר הצעיר‎, which means The Youth Guard, is a Socialist–Zionist youth movement, and was also the name of the group's political party in the Yishuv, which advocated a Binational solution in mandatory Palestine with equality between Arabs and Jews.
HaShomer haTzair השומר הצעיר was the result of a merger of two groups, haShomer השומר, a Zionist scouting group, and Ze'irei Zion Youth of Zion, an ideological circle that studied Zionism, socialism and Jewish history.
The movement was influenced by the ideas of Ber Borochov and Gustav Wyneken, as well as Lord Baden-Powell and the German Wandervogel movement.

In 1927, the four kibbutzim founded by haShomer haTzair השומר הצעיר formed the Kibbutz Artzi federation.
The movement also formed a political party of the same name, haShomer haTzair, that advocated a binational solution in mandate Palestine, with equality between Arabs and Jews.
Many haShomer haTzair leaders made Aliyah before the war, and founded or joined kibbutz Evron, kibbutz Ein haChoresh, kibbutz Negba, kibbutz Eilon, kibbutz Galon, and others.

In 1936, kibbutz-based political party, haShomer haTzair השומר הצעיר, launched an urban political party, the Socialist League of Palestine, the only Zionist political party within the Yishuv to accept Arab members as equals, support Arab rights, and call for a binational state in Palestine, to represent non-kibbutzniks.