Haapalah / Aliyah Bet

In 1938, Shlomo Tabachnik Ben-Yosef immigrated illegally to Palestine, from Poland, in an operation organized by the ITzL and Betar.

Avraham Shein, Shalom Jurabin and Shlomo Tabachnik Ben-Yosef, Betar Labor Brigade members, retaliated for the murder of four Jews, including a child and two women, who were attacked in the Galil, driving to Tsfat.
They stationed themselves on the road from Tsfat to Rosh Pinna and fired at an Arab bus, but did not hit any of the passengers.
The ambushers were spotted as they fled, and were arrested and tried by a military tribunal in Haifa, charged with unlawful possession of weapons and with intent to cause death or injury to many people, both charges carrying the death sentence.
Avraham Shein and Shlomo Tabachnik Ben-Yosef were sentenced to be hanged by the neck, and the military commander confirmed Shlomo Tabachnik Ben-Yosef's sentence, but commuted Avraham Shein's sentence to life imprisonment, due to his youth.

On June 29, 1938, Shlomo Ben-Yosef prepared for his final hour, removing the crimson garments of the condemned man, putting on shorts and a shirt, lacing his high work boots and waiting for the arrival of the guards.
Shlomo Ben-Yosef went to the gallows with his head held high, singing the Betar anthem, having written on the wall of his cell, he wrote: "What is a homeland? It is something worth living for, fighting for and dying for too. I was a servant of Betar to the day of my death", and included a line from Jabotinsky's poem "to die or to conquer the Mountain".