Haapalah / Aliyah Bet

In September, 1938, planning began regarding the internment of Enemy Aliens, including the selection of sites for camps.
After the war started, tribunals were set up to categorize Enemy Aliens among the following categories:
* A, those to be interned
* B, those not interned, but restricted
* C, those to be at liberty
by the middle of October, 1939, Enemy Aliens started to be interned.
In May, 1940, concerns regarding a German invasion prompted an order to intern all Enemy Alien males between ages 16 to 70.
By the end of May, 1940, orders were given to arrest and intern all male and female Enemy Aliens.
Ultimately, camps included Enemy Aliens, political prisoners, and illegal refugees.
In addition to Great Britain and the Isle of Man, camps were established in Australia, Canada, Cyprus, Kenya, Mauritius, and Palestine.

During World War II, Internment Camp B, called Camp Ripples or Camp B-70 Fredricton, was operated in Ripples, southwest of Minto, near Fredricton, during 1940-1941, housed Jewish refugees and Enemy Aliens.
Hans Reichenfeld cites: the camp "was enclosed by two rows of barbed wire fences and watch towers manned by Canadian soldiers....Camp B was not in the middle of
nowhere, but 34 km east of Fredericton, New Brunswick."

Gerald Frey was interned in Camp T, at Trois Rivières, for several weeks, and then transferred to Camp B, at Minto, for 11 months as an Enemy Alien, before he was declared a refugee from Nazi oppression, rather than of a POW, and was given the choice to remain interned in Canada for the duration, or return to England on a Canadian troopship
In 1942, Gerald Frey, with his friend, Siegmund Loeffelholz, sailed on a Canadian troopship to England.
Some of the boys from the Kindertransport, later joined the British Army, and fought in the war against Germany.

From 1941-1945, Camp B, called Camp Ripples or Camp B-70 Fredricton, in Ripples, near Minto, and Fredricton, became a camp for German and Italian POWs only, and the previous internees were distributed between Camp A, S,N and I.

The New Brunswick Internment Museum, in the Minto municipal building, houses artifacts and memorabilia from former POWs and staff, from Camp B.

Hans Reichenfeld was transferred from Camp T at Trois Rivieres to Camp B at Minto.