Haapalah / Aliyah Bet

Shmuel Poznanski made Aliyah with the student certificate for the BOSMAT בוסמת Vocational School, the technical school connected with the Technion הטכניון

BOSMAT בסמ"ת is an acronym, בית ספר מקצועי תיכוני להנדסאים וטכנאים מוסמכים, for Technical Vocational School.

In 1933, BOSMAT בסמ"ת opened, replacing the Reali Technical School, which prepared students for the Technion, as s 4 year vocational secondary school.

In 1938, Dr. Shlomo Bardin founded the Marine High School in BOSMAT בסמ"ת, which undertook training for Palyam פלי"ם.

In 1937, Shmuel Yanai served as Commander of the Guards at Kfar Chassidim כפר חסידים.

Shmuel 'Samek' Yanai served in A Company, and in the Fourth Battalion.

In early 1942, Shmuel 'Samek' Yanai completed the Squad Commanders' course (קורס מפקדי כיתות (מ"כים.

In 1942, Yedidia Zafrir attended the the Squad Commanders' course (קורס מפקדי כיתות (מ"כים., at Ayelet haShachar איילת-השחר.

The Palyam פלי"ם‎ No. 3 Small Boat Commanders' course:
The course prepared seamen, who would serve in bringing Maapilim to Palestine.
Platoon leader:
* Gad Lasker
Instructors:
* Menachem 'Churchill' Cohen
* Zalman Perah
* Avraham Zakai
Attendees:
* Levi Aniv
* Yochai Bin-Nun
* Shaul 'Shuli' Oren
* Yosef Schwartzman Shachar
* Shmuel Yanai
* Hanan Yones
Levi Aniv cites: "The aim of the course was to prepare seamen who would be useful in the bringing in of future immigrants of the Aliyah Bet. We had a great deal of practice in rowing, sailing, and navigation."
The three boats on the Yarkon River that were used were Dov דב‎, Rivka רבקה and Tirza תרצה, one of which is now in the Clandestine Immigration and Naval Museum מוזיאון ההעפלה וחיל הים ע"ש דוד הכהן in Haifa חיפה.

The Palyam פלי"ם‎ No. 2 Captain's course קורס החובלים השני, was held in August, 1945
Instructors:

Attendees:
* Shmuel 'Samek' Yanai

In 1945, the Palyam פלי"ם‎ No. 5 Small Boat Commanders' course קורס מפקדי סירות חמישי was held at Caesarea קיסריה.
Instructors:
*
Attendees:
* Moshe Dafni
Moshe Dafni cites: "In 1945, when I returned to Palestine, Yankale Salomon met me and invited me to return to the Palmach. I returned to the Palyam in October and went straight to the 5th course, as I had had so much experience at sea. After this course I was sent to the officers’ course, which was at Yagur."
* Zhmuel 'Samek' Poznanski Yanai
* Aviah Schliff

The Palyam פלי"ם‎ No. 5 Captain's course:
Attendees:
* Avraham Botzer

On August 28, 1945, Dalin דלין landed at Sdot Yam שדות ים - Caesarea קיסריה, without being discovered by the British.
Tzvi 'Miri' Katzneson cites "On the 29th of that month the ship “Dalin” arrived from Italy with 37 immigrants on board."
Two fishing boats went out to meet Dalin דלין, the first post-war illegal immigrant vessel.
Enrico Levi cites: "On 28 August the Ma’apilim descended on the shore at Caesarea."
Palmach Information Center cites Dalin דלין's passengers were unloaded by five Palyam boats, dispersed and hidden at nearby settlements.
On September 2, 1945, after two days of searching, a kibbutz fishing boat brought ashore 35 passengers.
Palyamniks helped the Maapilim ashore:
* Shmuel 'Samek' Yanai
Tzvi 'Miri' Katznelson cites; "After the immigrants had landed we loaded barrels of diesel fuel on board and she sailed back to Bari."
Dalin דלין's sailed back to Bari carrying:
* Peter Hoffman
* Tzvi 'Miri' Katznelson
* Moshe Rabinowitz
* Avraham Reiss
* Yisrael Rotem
* Eliezer Versh

The Jewish Resistance Movement תנועת המרי העברי, or United Resistance Movement (URM), was an umbrella group for Jewish Resistance movements in the British Mandate of Palestine, led by Moshe Sneh and Israel Galili. and operated between 1945 and 1946.

On the Night of the Trains ליל הרכבות, or Operation Party מבצע מסיבה, approximately fifty Palmach units, including sappers and guards, sabotaged and damaged 153 points along the railroad lines in Palestine, primarily at railroad junctions and bridges.
The operations took place around 23:00PM, and were synchronized, to prevent a British response.
Shootings occured in only 2 places, but there were no casualties.

On the night of October 31, 1945, during the Night of the Trains ליל הרכבות, or Operation Party מבצע מסיבה, Shmuel 'Samek' Yanai led the squad that sabotaged the railroad track section between Zichron Yaacov זכרון יעקב and Binyamina בנימינה.

On the night the railway lines were sabotaged, Yoske Romanovsly Rom sabotaged the lines between Pardes Hanna and Hadera.
He also participated in the attack on the Sidna Ali Police Station

Dan Lener served as an operations Commander during the Night of the Trains ליל הרכבות.

In Athens Αθήνα, Yosef Lazarovsky helped Gidoni גדעוני, Avraham Lichovsky assemble the wireless radio transmitter for Shmuel 'Samek' Yanai and Aryeh Kippy Kaplan, for their next vessel.

On May 28, 1946, Rafi רפי sailed from Pireaus Πειραιάς, carrying 150 passengers.
Tzvi Ben-Tzur cites: Rafi רפי sailed from Cape Sounion Aκρωτήριο Σούνιο, in June, 1946, carriying 119 passengers, with Haviva Reik חביבה רייק carrying 343 passengers.
Amuta Yam.org cites: on June 2, 1946, the boats sailed from Cape Sounion Aκρωτήριο Σούνιο, with a total of 462 passengers, Haviva Reik חביבה רייק carrying 343 passenger, which extrapolates to 113 passengers carried by Rafi רפי.
Aryeh Kippy Kaplan cites: they took 150 passengers aboard Rafi רפי, on June 2, 1946, and 312 passengers aboard Haviva Reik חביבה רייק.
Paul H. Silverstone's Aliyah Bet Project cites: Rafi רפי carried 150 passengers.
Aryeh 'Kippy' Kaplan cites: Shmuel 'Samek' Yanai served as Palyam פלי”ם Commander מפקד aboard Rafi רפי.
Aryeh 'Kippy' Kaplan cites: Avraham Lichovsky served as Gidoni גדעוני aboard Rafi רפי.
Aryeh Kippy Kaplan served as Palyam פלי”ם Commander מפקד aboard Haviva Reik חביבה רייק,
Shalom Bornstein served as Gidoni גדעוני aboard Haviva Reik חביבה רייק.

Tzvi Ben-Tzur cites: On June 7, 1946, there were 462 passengers aboard Chaviva Reik חביבה רייק when she sailed into Palestinian waters.
Aryeh Kippy Kaplan cites: When Chaviva Reik חביבה רייק and Rafi רפיi were close to the shore of Palestine, those on Rafi רפי transferred to the Chaviva Reik חביבה רייק, and the Greek crew on Chaviva Reik חביבה רייק went to Rafi רפיi, which immediately headed back to Greece.
Amuta Yam.org.il cites: The passengers aboard Rafi רפי were crowded aboard Chaviva Reik חביבה רייק., on June 5, 1946,
Paul H. Silverstone's Aliyah Bet Project cites: 150 passengers aboard Rafi רפי were crowded aboard Chaviva Reik חביבה רייק, and the crew of Chaviva Reik חביבה רייק disembarked.

On June 5, 1946, Shmuel 'Samek' Yanai, who served as Palyam פלי"ם Commander מפקד aboard Rafi רפי, came aboard Haviva Reik חביבה רייק, with the Maapilim.

On May 28, 1946, Haviva Reik חביבה רייק sailed from Piraeus Πειραιάς, carrying 462 passengers.
Tzvi Ben-Tzur cites: in June, 1946, Haviva Reik חביבה רייק sailed from Cape Sounion Aκρωτήριο Σούνιο, carrying 343 passengers, with Rafi רפי carrying 119 passengers.
Palmach Information Center cites: on June 2, 1946, Haviva Reik חביבה רייק sailed fromPiraeus Πειραιάς, carrying 342 passengers.
Amuta Yam.org.il cites: on June 2, 1946, Haviva Reik חביבה רייק sailed from Cape Sounion Aκρωτήριο Σούνιο, carrying 343 passengers.
Fritz Liebreich cites: Haviva Reik חביבה רייק sailed from Cape Sounion Aκρωτήριο Σούνιο, south of Piraeus Πειραιάς.
Aryeh Kippy Kaplan cites: on June 2, 1946, they took 312 passengers aboard Haviva Reik חביבה רייק, and and 150 passengers aboard Rafi רפי.
Aryeh Kippy Kaplan served as Palyam פלי”ם Commander מפקד aboard Haviva Reik חביבה רייק.
Shalom Bornstein served as Gidoni גדעוני aboard Haviva Reik חביבה רייק.
Aryeh Kippy Kaplan cites: Shmuel Samek Yanai served as Palyam פלי”ם Commander מפקד aboard Rafi רפי.
Aryeh Kippy Kaplan cites: Avraham Lichovsky served as Gidoni גדעוני, wireless radio operator, aboard Rafi רפי.

Tzvi Ben-Tzur cites: On June 7, 1946, there were 462 passengers aboard Chaviva Reik חביבה רייק when she sailed into Palestinian waters.
Aryeh Kippy Kaplan cites: When Chaviva Reik חביבה רייק and Rafi רפיi were close to the shore of Palestine, those on Rafi רפי transferred to the Chaviva Reik חביבה רייק, and the Greek crew on Chaviva Reik חביבה רייק went to Rafi רפיi, which immediately headed back to Greece.
Amuta Yam.org.il cites: The passengers aboard Rafi רפי were crowded aboard Chaviva Reik חביבה רייק., on June 5, 1946,
Paul H. Silverstone's Aliyah Bet Project cites: 150 passengers aboard Rafi רפי were crowded aboard Chaviva Reik חביבה רייק, and the crew of Chaviva Reik חביבה רייק disembarked.

On June 5, 1946, Shmuel 'Samek' Yanai, who served as Palyam פלי"ם Commander מפקד aboard Rafi רפי, came aboard Haviva Reik חביבה רייק, with the Maapilim.

On June 8, 1946, Chaviva Reik חביבה רייק arrived in Palestine, and was discovered and captured by a British destroyer.
She was towed to Haifa, and her passengers were interned at Atlit Detention Camp.
Tzvi Ben-Tzur cites: Chaviva Reik חביבה רייק "was discovered on June 7th by a British destroyer that butted her with force. On June 8th, soldiers boarded her quickly, overpowered the crew and towed the vessel into Haifa, where the Ma’apilim hauled up a big poster that read: “Keep the Gates Open Because We Are Not the Last Ones to come!".
Fritz Liebreich cites the passengers of Chaviva Reik חביבה רייק Aghios Andreas were arrested near kibbutz Nitzanim קיבוץ ניצנים, off Ashkelon אשקלון, on June 9, 1948.
Amuta Yam.org.il cites: there were 462 passengers aboard Chaviva Reik חביבה רייק. when she was intercepted by the British.
PaulH. Silverstone's Aliyah Bet Project cites: Chaviva Reik חביבה רייק was captured by British destroyer, HMS Saumarez, with machinery broken down and no crew; there were . 327 men, 143 women, 15 children on board.

On July 30, 1946, Henrietta Szold הנרייטה סולד, sailed from Piraeus Πειραιάς, carrying 536 passenger, illegal immigrants from the Kifissia Κηφισιά orphanage in Athens Αθήνα.
Fritz Liebreich cites Henrietta Szold הנרייטה סולד sailed from Cape Sounion Aκρωτήριο Σούνιο, south of Piraeus Πειραιάς.
Henrietta Szold הנרייטה סולד was accompanied by Rafi רפי, a smaller boat, that carried 140 passengers.
Paul H. Silverstone's Aliyah Bet Project cites: Rafi רפי carried 150 passengers.
Amuta Yam.org cites Henrietta Szold הנרייטה סולד carried 394 passenger, while Rafi רפי, carried 150 more passengers.
Aryeh 'Kippy' Kaplan served as Palyam Commander aboard Henrietta Szold הנרייטה סולד.
Avraham Lichovsky served as Gidoni aboard Henrietta Szold הנרייטה סולד.
Shmuel 'Samek' Yanai served as Palyam Commander aboard Rafi רפי.

With rough seas and engine troubles, Henrietta Szold הנרייטה סולד sought shelter near Syrna Island, where the inhabitants demanded they leave.
She sailed to the neighboring island of Kamilla Nisi, and Rafi רפי went back to Greece with engine parts for repair.
After 6 days, Henrietta Szold הנרייטה סולד and Rafi רפי resumed their course.

About 150 miles from Palestine, the passengers aboard Rafi רפי were transferred to Henrietta Szold הנרייטה סולד, and the Greek crew returned to Greece aboard Raf רפיi.

Zahal.org.il cites: "The hostilities begun on October 29th when forces from Great Britain, France and Israel launched the so called "Operation Musketeer"."
"Israeli Navy headquarters in Haifa sent a three ships task force to patrol and defend the long coastline of Israel. Two Z class detroyers, INS Yaffo and INS Eilath together with the old frigate, INS Miznak were patrolling the sea about 32 miles south west to Haifa when the Egyptian destroyer sneaked into the bay and at 03:30 begun shelling the city of Haifa."
"The Israeli task force under the command of Captain Shmuel "Samek" Yanai is informed about the attack and is turning north in order to engage the Egyptian destroyer. The slower frigate Miznak is left behind and out of the chase while the Yaffo under the command of Commander Yohai Ben-Nun and the Eilath with Commander Menahem Cohen in charge are speading in 30 knots to the assumed course of the Egyptian flag ship."
"Captain Yanai is determined to utilize his supremacy and end the battle as soon as possible, before the expected intervention of the Egyptian Air Force. Ibrahim El Awal returns fire but her gunners fail to hit their targets. The Israelis on the other side, firing massive salvos of shells are hitting their target causing the Egyptian destroyer severe damages."

In 1956 during Kadesh Operation מבצע קדש, Shmuel 'Samek' Yanai commanded the boat that captured the Egyptian destroyer Ibrahim el Awal, which was renamed the IDF ship, INS Haifa.

In 2003, Shmuel Yanai initiated the commemorative project, and served as historical adviser, of Gan Haapalah גן ההעפלה, on London Square כיכר לונדון‎, commemorating the Haapalah העפלה, funded by a donation by Sir Ronald Cohen and his wife Lady Sharon Harel-Cohen, in memory of Sir Ronald's father, Michael Cohen.